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Shakin'! , January, 2007
Earthquake
Resources, January 2007 |
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“In
the early 1800s, a series of gargantuan earth tremors
seized the American frontier. Tremendous roars and
flashes of eerie light accompanied huge spouts of
water and gas. Six-foot-high waterfalls appeared in
the Mississippi River, thousands of trees exploded,
and some 1,500 people – in what was then a sparsely
populated wilderness – were killed. A region the size
of Texas, centered in Missouri and Arkansas, was rent
apart, and the tremors reached as far as Montreal.
Forget the 1906 earthquake – this set of quakes constituted
the Big One.”
Quoted
from The Big One by Jake Page and Charles
Officer
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FACT: The largest recorded earthquake in the world was a magnitude 9.5 in Chile on May 22, 1960. |
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Below: Photo
of a home destroyed by the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake. |
FACT: The largest recorded earthquake in the United States was a magnitude 9.2 that struck Prince William Sound, Alaska on Good Friday, March 28, 1964. |
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FACT: It is estimated that there are 500,000 detectable earthquakes
in the world each year. 100,000 of those can be felt,
and 100 of them cause damage. |
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FACT: Moonquakes are earthquakes on the moon.
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A road near Point Reyes, 1906 |
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“In
1964, the great Alaskan earthquake increased
the elevation of more than 180,000 square
kilometers of landmass on the western coast
of North America by as much as 6 meters and
caused a tsunami that crossed the entire Pacific.
And the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St.
Helens triggered a pressure wave that was
recorded at earthquake stations around the
world. After nine terrifying hours, the summit
of Mount St. Helens was missing, and a 20-kilometer-high
cloud of gas, ashes, and debris darkened the
area. Where an almost perfect mountain cone
surrounded by forests once stood, a crater
1.5 kilometers in diameter and 1 kilometer
deep was all that was left.”
Quoted
from The Little Book of Earthquakes and
Volcanoes
by Rolf Schick
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FACT: The earliest recorded evidence of an earthquake
has been traced back to 1831 BC in the Shandong
province of China, but there is a fairly complete
record starting in 780 BC during the Zhou Dynasty
in China. |
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“The
great philosopher Aristotle, who was born in
384 B.C., taught that earthquakes were caused
by winds blowing into caverns within the planet.
When pressure of the trapped air became strong
enough, the air escaped forcefully and caused
the Earth to tremble. Earlier, another philosopher
named Democritus had supposed that hollows within
the Earth collected water, and when the water
sloshed back and forth, the planet shook.”
Quoted
from Plates: Restless Earth by Roy
Gallant
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FACT: A seiche (pronounced SAYSH) is
what happens in the swimming pools of Californians
during and after an earthquake. It is "an
internal wave oscillating in a body of water"
or, in other words, it is the sloshing of the
water in your swimming pool, or any body of water,
caused by the ground shaking in an earthquake.
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FACT: It is thought that more damage was done by the resulting fire after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake than by the earthquake itself. |
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Hibernia
Bank, San Francisco, 1906 |
Stanford
University, 1906 - Statue fell 30 feet and impaled sidewalk. |
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Mission
San Juan Bautista, 1906 |
Photo
of San Francisco City Hall damaged by the 1906
earthquake. |
FACT: Florida and North Dakota have the smallest number
of earthquakes in the United States. Alaska is the
most earthquake-prone state and one of the most seismically
active regions in the world. Alaska experiences a
magnitude 7 earthquake almost every year, and a magnitude
8 or greater earthquake on average every 14 years. |
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